http://gb.pad.constantvzw.org/p/documentation ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Printing with Wendy and Freyja NOTES Scanning with ginger coons (and An) The problem with 3D-scanning software ... You experience it ... for medical imaging. ultra-sound. at airports. We are not talking about high-res scanning when dealing with consumer-level 3D scanning. rgbd camera: d for depth Microsoft Kinect as an rgbd camera collecting rgbd data, tracks movement in space. hacked to be used as a scanner designed to track bodies in space kinect (meant for games) -- hacked to use it as a scanner. works with red-light, based on Prime-sense Carmine ?? Open Frameworks project. Kyle Macdonald (?) kinect to stl (https://github.com/kylemcdonald/Makerbot/tree/master/KinectToStl) Makerware (not FLOSS, makerbot) to open stl (but that's only because it happens to be the default on my computer) any 3D modelling software should be able to open an STL STL is one of the standard interchange formats for 3D modelling/printing: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STL_%28file_format%29 3D scanning using Kinect: 2 kinds of drivers commonly used -- libfreenect and OpenNI different drivers - low level software to make a piece of hardware talk to a computer. a year ago prime-sense got bought by apple, and stopped selling Carmine scanners, new kinects don't have it asus made something too ( Asus Xtion) - but depended on that hardware. the 3D Systems Sense scanner also uses the Carmine You'll get it back in your new Iphone.... Ikea-app, you scan your room, they model where your furniture will go Phil did a party balloon mapping session with students - [bad] aerial photography the idea was to capture deliberatly 'bad' photos - i.e. not of the type, orientation quality etc that would be expected on, say, google maps. the image is just a 'capture', affected by the 'rig' Reference: Benjamin aranda/ Chris lasch , brooklyn pidgeon project http://vimeo.com/91740004 http://arandalasch.com/works/the-brooklyn-pigeon-project/ Softwares: - 'libfreenect' - free software to open kinect http://openkinect.org/wiki/Getting_Started#Official_packages - 'openNI' '- Skanect' -> installed another library -> now nothing works anymore -conflicts exist between different drivers for Carmine-based 3D scanners. Sometimes, installing one driver can prevent another driver from working. diy scanning: game of drivers, hardware, softwares - other approaches photogrametry: take 40 pictures in horizon around object, but (maybe? why?) very unuseful for human bodies, too slow - 123D Catch (also photogrammetry) for iphone/android (Autodesk); inside-3D better for architectural stuff Conceptual/technical differences between different type of scanning: Structured light scanning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured-light_3D_scanner Hardware: high-end scanners, high precision (eg: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c07iM1Unkfk or http://www.lmi3d.com/products/hdi/ ) Principle: Projecting bars/grids at an object, software makes interpolation body deforms the grid becomes a point cloud (? depends on the software used to interpret the data) relation between 'grid' and 'software' very dependent on the software, used for engineering First surface! --> you don't get the colour, you get the shape Time of flight scanning Hardware: kinect http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-of-flight_camera functions like the bat: sends out beams, scans objects locate-based infrared light:time based measures the duration of the bounce just like a bat Sends out infrared, bounces back. First surface! Measures time it takes between pictures. Like bats! you don't get colour from this type of scan unless you also have an RGB camera incorporated into the scanner (like in a Kinect) + rgbd data: shape and colors Kinect uses time of flight and RGB camera I can capture the shape and the colors Photogrammetry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photogrammetry recovers exact points on the surface First surface! you just get colors and can extrapolate a shape, software extrapolates a shape not so good for body scanning shapes are extrapolated from colorspace > All of the three above capture surfaces make a point cloud ... and make that into a shape Others (not DIY usually?): Ultrasound Milimiter wave scanning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_body_scanner#Millimeter_wave_scanners airports scans with radiowaves it is a different "class" of scanning uses milimiter radiowaves used for security mainly, can go through clothing and into skin but cannot get through leather probekms for woemn with prosthetic breasts (breasr cancer): there is something wrong with your chest! and you are talking about your breast cancer. tuned to human skin (density) 'naked scanner' leather counts as skin lots of things show up as black if they are 'wrong' "there is something wrong with your chest" in common use in US and UK (even when you're transiting, if you beep --> scanner) http://stuffqueerpeopleneedtoknow.com/2012/04/23/navigating-updated-tsa-policies-for-transgender-people-and-sexual-assault-survivors/ piece of software that algorithmically determines what is suspicious on your body, eveyone gets the same stick person, something highights on it when there is something suspicious -- AIT http://www.tsa.gov/ait-privacy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_body_scanner#mediaviewer/File:Mmw_large.jpg https://publicintelligence.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/mmwave1.png x-ray scanning is not in use at airports anymore http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_body_scanner#mediaviewer/File:Backscatter_x-ray_image_woman.jpg MRI scanning The Visible Human Project http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/visible_gallery.html ================== Anthroprometric data collection http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropometry Collection of detailed data about human body measurements body as a map information about people's bodies. Large data sets to come up with generalized data Size USA; went around the country with millimeter wave scanning, gathered all data, now sell db to clothing companies for 20000$ (http://www.tc2.com/products/body-scanner/size-usa-scanning-survey/ ) ANSUR II, similar to SizeUSA, but for/from the US Military (http://www.dvidshub.net/video/144388/soldiers-participate-ansur-ii-survey-v20#.VGodYvasr3c) Francis Galton: pioneer of anthroprometics and eugenics!: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropometry#mediaviewer/File:Galton_at_Bertillon%27s_(1893).jpg eugenics: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics The violence of anthropometric classification of humans: http://www.monitor.upeace.org/archive.cfm?id_article=707 'fidelity' ... you might as well draw from life? That other project with the human bodies, The Parametric Human: http://parametrichuman.org/home/ http://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/visible/mpeg/umd_video.mpg ============================== Pierrick Picaut Blender www.blender.org History of Blender Tom Roosendaal = godfather. Blender foundation. open source, lots of developments. Foundation gathers and selects. Blender enhanced last 6-7 year through parallel development of short movies. First one: 2006 Goal: find Blender's limitations test software in practice ex Elephant Dream, Big Buck bunny, Sintel, Tears of Steel (latest). Now full feature movie. every 6 months new version of Blender is released it is crazy, hard to master! 3d-mesh in 3d space you need vertex/vertices surface is the smallest element/everything has a surface! to set a surface, you need 3 points a house in 2 minutes everything in 3d is in the end created from triangles/is translated into triangles imagine you are a sphere ... scanner will try to find your triangles making 3d ... to do blender really, you need at least 2 weeks dynamic sculpting - use blender as a sculptur with clean hands + undo! use python ... makehuman 'just think of a human as a car' it outputs products creating base meshes not too much memory needed, 4GB is enough, dual processor .mhx = make human format a rig = a fake skeleton it takes a lot of time to generate a 'skeleton' skinning ... you need to express relations ... limitations it is hard to do a 3 armed skeleton you cannot duplicate stuff easily, define every single connection creating a skeleton = rigging. rig-i-fy scanning = high density 3d-meshes, mesh ith unch of small 3D-triangles combining models with scans, so using what are relevant topologies? your body = a map 'properly skinned' to bones, makes it move 'realistically' -> wrinkle your skin, get idea of plastic chirurgies... if you like taxidermy ... cut up your model expose parts as flattened skin, 2D = UV map "to clean up the uv map" is a lot of work bump maps 'this is geometry, not a color' wrap out and flat the skin you need to be economical with your polygons baking the identity mesh: colours, details, absorb & reflect light... then you can play with it, animate it Phil Langley: Parametric imaginations of gender: Software, interfaces, parameters, scale, topology, topography DIGITAL CONTROL:my mother was a computer - stolen borrowed appropriated from Katherine Hayles she was not talking about modeling 'computer' was a job-title once (you could be working as a computer) (eg: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_computer and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Computers ) interfaces as an architect, making things with software object oriented environment - autodesk, industry standard. it constrains by parametrics; 'space of possibilities' Tools and interfaces in software parametric architecture - always looks the same/different? illusion of variety but looking the same https://www.google.com/search?site=&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=&bih=&q=parametric+architecture&btnG=Search+by+image topology (skeleton, rig; hard to change) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topology) topography (layers, instance, landscape, terrain, skin; easy to change) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topography) space of possibility in make human: sliders (left is young, right is old) what are these types of extremes tell us? not just rigging, but also topography defines parameters = measurement (?) Teresa Burga, Face Structure Report, Self Portrait 1979 mannequin vs measurements of indiginous body in Chile topography implies measurement frenology who is included in the measurement, standard? parametrics = variety through stabilization? measurement = property ? comes from 'emergence' theory in physics can we think about 'property' in non-essential ways knife has a tendency to be hard vs when melted can only cut when there is something to be cut: capacity to cut (= relational) capacities & tendencies do not need to be real! they never have to happen to be real limits and boundaries parametrics are metric-based; move to deformation of mug to donut is a transformation of topography topography is different, topology is the same translate, rotate, shrink, flatten ... topology comes from foundational mathematics topography from geography set-theory in relation to topology topology is important for 3d technology on blender, if you add points, there is another topology; the more points, the more work if you change the values of these points, you change topography.-> it changes 'category'/species ex. of cheek: you blow it, it stays the same topology; you make a hole in it, topology changs -- topography is child of topology ex. mixer is topology, what you put in is topgraphy ;-) in 3d: adding points, destroys topology topography is always child of topology it is vector thinking, not pixels! topology vs topography inkscape vs gimp blender vs eh two types of body topologies, but there are many more. endocrine, nervous are left out/lost in modeling and external ones get projected back on to it or facial detection/recognition: topologies projected on your face face recognition software: topology tensions between topography and topology in architecture: morphology body plan ... = topology. relates to an idea of species evolution as the systematic topology of life creating creatures in software. it is a contested issue, still Controversies about theory of evolution Alghorithms that take darwin litterally. A genetic algorithm The problem is of course in 'some fitness criterion', and/or the lack of context the blind watchmaker, richard dawkins http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Blind_Watchmaker breed! environmenr stability + topology of body plants ArchiKludge comes with an idea of optimitization (or compromise); survival of the fittest -> is illusion because it leads to homogeneisation fenotypes and genotypes fantasy of population control Blender Game Engine: artificial intelligence biped / quadruped test on youtube evolution theory in games/software. spore ... simcity the mechanism of evolution: eat other creatures to get their genes :-) species diagrams impliy relations and hierarchies that are not always true seduction of this type of idea of variation ... there is something about it. maybe it is about their clarity/hierarchy 'emergent variations' augmentations algorithms tell stories about: breeding, species, organisms, fitnes, environment, evolution... modified ans diverged stories is so called about infinite variety & infinite variations, but in fact this is not true on Blender you cannot separate topology and topograhy, but both change together emergence topology and topography changing together in architecture: all is driven by topology, everything else is 'decoration' 'blender units' you are never (it is hard) allowed to make changes in topology transgenic changes from biometrics to blender ... same discourse it is hard to get out of this mindset ... why we would do so: hierarchies criteria have not changed? controversial ideas in genetics ... genotype = genes -- fenotype is result gone through environment but is behaviour part of genotype is topology essence hormones as a criteriae in sports, for female and male competitions hormones define disabilities as extra-abilities extrabilities you cannot change your sex, it is chomosomes. hormones. (topology) you can change your appearance, behaviour, genitals (topography) difference between intersex and transgender is topology an essence? and what if not? where do we place topology in the body? ======================= Relating to the whole day. Borges, on the relationship between the map and the territory. "On exactitude in science" http://www.sccs.swarthmore.edu/users/08/bblonder/phys120/docs/borges.pdf ok will add to bibliotecha library :-) ======================= If you have ideas to work on already: http://gb.pad.constantvzw.org/p/ideas