Algemeen: http://pad.constantvzw.org/p/certainty
Logbook: http://pad.constantvzw.org/p/certainty_logbook
Questions: http://pad.constantvzw.org/p/certainty_questions
Modality paper notes: http://pad.constantvzw.org/public_pad/certainty_notes_Modality-and-Negation
modality.py close reading
---------------------------------------------------------
start
sentence: This automated decision-making is designed to take the human out of the equation.
n = 0.0 (float)
m = 0 (integer)
---------------------------------------------------------
epistemic_weasiling dict
sentence: This automated decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to take the human out of the equation.
prints:
phrase: popular belief
k: -0.75
n: -0.75
m: 2
phrase: of course
k: 1.0
n: 0.25
m: 4
>>> -0.75 + 1.0 / 2 = 0.25
>>> 2 + 2 = 4
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MODIFIER dict
sentence = 'This strongly hypothesized decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to take the human out of the equation.'
sentence = 'This strongly hypothesize decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to take the human out of the equation.'
<<< hypothesized --> hypothesize
<<< there is no lemmatization on word level in Word(), so hypothesized is not detected in the epistemic
prints:
i+word+type+weight: 2 Word(u'said/VBD') VB 2
*MODIFIER DETECTED*
word: Word(u'said/VBD')
weight: 3
(normally a verb has a +2 weight, but +1 from the MODIFIER, as 'hypothesized' is followed by 'strongly', a MODIFIER)
k: 0.25
n: 28.0
m: 231
---------------------------------------------------------
epistemic_type dict
sentence = 'This strongly hypothesize decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to take the human out of the equation.'
i+word+type+weight: 6 Word(u'belief/NN') NN 1
k: -0.25
n: 27.75
m: 232
>>> belief gets another k here as a NN
>>> 'popular belief' is already rated in the epictemic_weaseling dict
>>> 'belief' is rated twice
>>> all the epistemic_weasling phrases that appear in the other dict's, are rated twice
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reverse score for negated terms
sentence = 'This strongly said decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to wish and not
wish the human out of the equation.'
code:
if i > 0 and s(S[i-1]) in ("not", "n't", "never", "without"):
prints:
i+word+type+weight: 12 Word(u'wish/VB') VB 2
former n : 0.75
weight : 2
k : -0.25
weight * k: -0.5
new n : 0.25
m : 10
i+word+type+weight: 14 Word(u'not/RB') RB 2
i+word+type+weight: 15 Word(u'wish/VB') VB 2
negated k : 0.125
former n : 0.25
weight : 2
k : 0.125
weight * k: 0.25
new n : 0.5
m : 12
---------------------------------------------------------
all words that appear in one of the epistemic dicts
how is m constructed?
>>> an addition of all weights
>>> on what basis are the different weights choosen?
>>> MD = 4, VB = 2, NN = 1, epistemic_weaseling = 2
- epictemic_weaseling dicts
>>> m += 2
phrase: popular belief
k: -0.75
n: -0.75
m: 2
phrase: of course
k: 1.0
n: 0.25
m: 4
>>> m += weight
Word(u'said/VBD') VB 2
*MODIFIER DETECTED*
weight: 3
---
former n : 0.25
weight : 3
k : 0.25
weight * k: 0.75
new n : 1.0
m : 7
Word(u'belief/NN') NN 1
former n : 1.0
weight : 1
k : -0.25
weight * k: -0.25
new n : 0.75
m : 8
Word(u'wish/VB') VB 2
former n : 0.75
weight : 2
k : -0.25
weight * k: -0.5
new n : 0.25
m : 10
Word(u'not/RB') RB 2
Word(u'wish/VB') VB 2
negated k : 0.125
former n : 0.25
weight : 2
k : 0.125
weight * k: 0.25
new n : 0.5
m : 12
>>> m is a sort of weight? a sum of all the weights?
-------------------------------------------------------
numbers are heavy
(or, and then the numbers are coming)
sentence = 'This strongly said decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to wish and not wish the human out of the two equations.'
>>> what is the reference of this assumption?
Word(u'two/CD') WP 1
CD
former n : 0.5
new n : 1.25
m : 13
-------------------------------------------------------
modality rate calculation
code:
if m == 0:
print 1.0 # No modal verbs/adverbs used, so statement must be true.
print 'modality rate:', max(-1.0, min(n / (m or 1), +1.0))
prints:
modality rate: 0.0961538461538
n = 1.25
m = 13
min((1.25 / 13), +1.0)
min(0.0961, 1)
>>> algorithm chooses the lowest of the two
max(-1, 0.0961)
>>> algorithm chooses the highest level
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the words that influence the modality rate:
(strongly)
said
popular belief
belief
of course
two
-------------------------------------------------------
modality.py results (black box results)
sentence : This strongly said decision-making is popular belief and of course designed to wish and not wish the human out of the two equations.
parsed : This/DT/O/O/this strongly/RB/B-VP/O/strongly said/VBD/I-VP/O/say decision-making/NN/B-NP/O/decision-making is/VBZ/B-VP/O/be popular/JJ/B-NP/O/popular belief/NN/I-NP/O/belief and/CC/O/O/and of/IN/B-PP/B-PNP/of course/NN/B-NP/I-PNP/course designed/VBN/B-VP/I-PNP/design to/TO/I-VP/O/to wish/VB/I-VP/O/wish and/CC/O/O/and not/RB/B-VP/O/not wish/VB/I-VP/O/wish the/DT/O/O/the human/JJ/B-ADJP/O/human out/IN/B-PP/B-PNP/out of/IN/I-PP/I-PNP/of the/DT/B-NP/I-PNP/the two/CD/I-NP/I-PNP/two equations/NNS/I-NP/I-PNP/equation ././O/O/.
Sentence(s) : Sentence('This/DT/O/O/this strongly/RB/B-VP/O/strongly said/VBD/I-VP/O/say decision-making/NN/B-NP/O/decision-making is/VBZ/B-VP/O/be popular/JJ/B-NP/O/popular belief/NN/I-NP/O/belief and/CC/O/O/and of/IN/B-PP/B-PNP/of course/NN/B-NP/I-PNP/course designed/VBN/B-VP/I-PNP/design to/TO/I-VP/O/to wish/VB/I-VP/O/wish and/CC/O/O/and not/RB/B-VP/O/not wish/VB/I-VP/O/wish the/DT/O/O/the human/JJ/B-ADJP/O/human out/IN/B-PP/B-PNP/out of/IN/I-PP/I-PNP/of the/DT/B-NP/I-PNP/the two/CD/I-NP/I-PNP/two equations/NNS/I-NP/I-PNP/equation ././O/O/.')
modality rate: 0.0961538461538
>>> RIGHT!
word : This
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : strongly
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : said
modality : 0.25
-------------
word : decision-making
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : is
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : popular
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : belief
modality : -0.25
-------------
word : and
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : of
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : course
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : designed
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : to
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : wish
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : and
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : not
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : wish
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : the
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : human
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : out
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : of
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : the
modality : 1.0
-------------
word : two
modality : 0.75
-------------
word : equations.
modality : 1.0
-------------